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Kool FM is a London pirate radio station that also broadcasts as an internet radio station, started on 28 November 1991.〔(h i s t o r y ) on the home page of Kool FM Midlands (archived by the Internet Archive on 25 December 2001)〕〔 == History == Kool FM has stated that it has been "the very first pirate station ever to play Hardcore Jungle".〔 Simon Reynolds called it "London's ruling pirate station" in an account of the beginnings of jungle music in the early to mid 1990s.〔Simon Reynolds: ''Energy Flash''. Picador 2008, ISBN 978-0-330-45420-9, p.245.〕 Similarly, Billboard magazine referred to Kool FM as "leading jungle station" in a 1995 report about the genre.〔Kwaku: ''Pirate UK Radio Propels Rising Soulful Jungle Style''. Billboard, 29 July 1995 (p.39 )〕 In January 1996, ''Kool FM Midlands'' started broadcasting to the Midlands on 105.6 FM, based in Birmingham; by then dedicated to drum'n'bass.〔 In the same year, Kool FM featured in a BBC documentary about pirate radio.〔(1996 BBC Documentary on YouTube )〕 In 1998, U.S. magazine Vibe compared it favorably to Kiss FM (a former London pirate radio station which had become legal): "Meanwhile, U.K. pirates like Kool FM and Hard FM continue to broadcast even better music without interference from authorities."〔Vibe, issue 6, no.9, November 1998, (p.110 )〕 A 2002 article in the Evening Standard reported that Kool FM was making profits from advertising and organizing raves.〔()〕 In 2005, a Kool FM transmitter broadcasting from Wapping (in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets) was seized in an Ofcom operation against London pirate stations.〔(Ofcom tackles illegal broadcasting ) Ofcom News Release Archive, 3 November 2005〕 In 2007, Kool FM was featured on a BBC London News report about pirate radio station interference to the emergency services and their use of the airwaves.〔(2007 BBC London News on YouTube )〕 Kool FM was still operating illegally in February 2008, broadcasting on 94.6 FM from Tower Hamlets, when three of its phone lines were disconnected during a series of raids led by Ofcom.〔Victoria Huntley: (Pirate radio sunk from airwaves ) East London Advertiser, 23 February 2008〕〔(Ofcom, police and London Boroughs take action against illegal broadcasting ) Ofcom News Release Archive, 19 February 2008〕 The station celebrated its 21st birthday in 2012 and now broadcasts 24 hours a day, 90 percent of which is live〔(20 Years of Kool with a K )〕 The station has won "Best Radio/Internet Station" at the Drum n Bass Awards numerous times, most recently in 2012. ( 13th time )〔(Drum n Bass Awards 2012 )〕 Kool FM's history and that of its rave arm Jungle Fever are detailed extensively in Brian Belle-Fortune's book All Crews Journeys Through Jungle Drum & Bass Culture (Vision Publishing ). Jungle Fever and rare studio footage of Kool FM (cited above in foot note 4) can be seen in Belle-Fortune's BBC film Radio Renegades now available on YouTube. One pirate radio engineer commented, "We use the film for training. It says everything." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kool FM」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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